In Tamil country, agriculture was the major industry and prideful profession since earlier times and it remained so in the medieval times too. The epigraphs reveal that the economy of the medieval Tamil country relied on agriculture to a larger extent. For agriculture, land was the basis The land settlement in the entire medieval Tamil country had a village form. Villages constituted the most important economic unit. A substantial portion of medieval inscriptions pertains to land grants and transactions primarily associated with Brahmins and religious institutions. The diverse systems of land tenure under which such grants were issued effectively vested ownership rights in the beneficiaries, who assumed complete control over the lands. The administration of these properties was carried out by the beneficiaries themselves, often in collaboration with village assemblies. Charitable tenures were typically established through the purchase of land from prior owners or occupants, followed by a formal act of endowment. The gift charters frequently articulated in detail the rights, privileges, and, where applicable, the obligations attached to the grant. On rarer occasions, particularly in the case of royal authority or village assemblies, unassigned common lands were appropriated for such endowments.