The present article examines the development of education, scholarship, and literary activities during the reign of Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin, one of the most enlightened rulers of medieval Kashmir. A distinguished linguist, scholar, and poet, the Sultan was proficient in Persian, Sanskrit, Arabic, and Tibetan and extended generous patronage to literature, music, painting, and other branches of knowledge. His reign witnessed significant intellectual and cultural activity, particularly through the translation and preservation of important works. At his initiative, the Mahabharata, Ramayana, and Rajatarangini were translated from Sanskrit into Persian, while several Persian works were rendered into Sanskrit. His encouragement of scholarship attracted numerous learned persons from different regions, thereby transforming Kashmir into an important centre of intellectual and literary exchange. Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin also promoted institutional education by establishing schools, colleges, and residential facilities for students. Considerable resources were allocated for the construction of a royal library, while emissaries were sent to India, Persia, Iraq, and Turkistan to acquire books and manuscripts. These initiatives broadened access to education and encouraged people belonging to different social groups to pursue learning. During this period, Persian gained prominence in Kashmir and gradually emerged as the language of the royal court. The arrival of scholars and religious figures from Central Asia further contributed to the spread of Persian literary and intellectual traditions. At the same time, educational institutions such as maktabs and patshalas were established, where Persian and Sanskrit were taught. The intellectual atmosphere of the period is reflected in the writings of contemporary historians and scholars. Srivara highlights the widespread influence of education during Zain-ul-Abidin’s reign, observing that learning extended beyond the traditional scholarly classes and reached ordinary sections of society. The Sultan provided students with teachers, books, accommodation, food, and financial assistance, thereby creating favourable conditions for the pursuit of knowledge. His patronage extended to diverse fields, including logic, grammar, literature, the arts, and fine arts.